Recipe Manuscript

صفة اخرى

"Another Recipe"

1200

From the treasured pages of Kitāb al-ṭabīkh

Written by Ibn al-Karīm, Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan

صفة اخرى
Original Recipe • 1200
Original Manuscript(circa Medieval, 500 - 1400)
As inscribed by the original author's hand, transcribed with care by Lost Kitchen Scrolls

صفة اخرى

"يؤخذ رطل شيرج ويطرح عليه نصف رطل ماء ونصف درهم زعفران [وربع رطل من الدقيق السميد] و يداف باوقية ماء ورد ورطل عسل في موضع واحد [ويغلى] و يحرك باسطام حتى يطلق الدهن . ومن اراد طرح فيه كفاً من الخشخاش وخمسة دراهم فستق [مقشر] . و يغرف ويجعل تحته وفوقه السكر المدقوق ناعماً ."

English Translation

"Take a pound of sesame oil and add to it half a pound of water and half a dirham of saffron [and a quarter pound of semolina flour], and mix with an ounce of rose water and a pound of honey in one place [and boil it], stirring with a pestle until the oil is released. If desired, add a handful of poppy seeds and five dirhams of [peeled] pistachios. Serve and place finely ground sugar underneath and on top."

Note on the Original Text

The recipe is written in the terse, matter-of-fact style typical of medieval Arabic cookbooks: direct, assuming a knowledgeable cook, and focused on process rather than precise measurement. Ingredients are given mostly by weight (ratl, dirham, etc.), sometimes in handfuls—a practical system for cooks of the era. Spelling of ingredient names may differ from modern standard Arabic; for example, 'شيرج' (shirj) refers to pure sesame oil, and 'دقيق السميد' to a form of semolina or fine wheat flour. Directions like 'يحرك باسطام' (‘stir with a bastām’) point to specific historical kitchen tools. The omission of modern time and temperature cues emphasizes the reliance on personal skill and observation in the historical kitchen.

Recipe's Origin
Kitāb al-ṭabīkh - Click to view recipe in book

Title

Kitāb al-ṭabīkh (1200)

You can also click the book image above to peruse the original tome

Writer

Ibn al-Karīm, Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan

Era

1200

Publisher

Maṭbaʻat Umm al-Rabīʻayn

Background

Step back into the sumptuous kitchens of the medieval Islamic world with this early collection of culinary wisdom. Savor recipes, tips, and gastronomic secrets that once delighted the palates of princes and poets alike.

Kindly made available by

NYU/ American University of Beirut
Historical Background of the Recipe
Learn about old traditions
Historical kitchen setting

This recipe hails from the medieval city of Mosul, penned by the noted 13th-century cookery author Ibn al-Karīm. His work reflects the sophisticated culinary traditions of the medieval Islamic world, particularly Iraq, where luxury ingredients like saffron, rosewater, honey, and nuts signaled refinement and wealth. Recipes like this were intended for festive occasions or elite households, showcasing the vibrant flavors and scents prized in medieval Arabic gastronomy. The original manuscript dates from the late 12th or early 13th century, but the edition used was published in 1934 in Mosul, providing a window into a world where food was as much about beauty and experience as about nourishment.

Culinary Tools when the Recipe was Crafted
Tools and techniques from kitchens of old
Historical culinary tools

In its time, this recipe would have been prepared over a wood- or charcoal-fired stove, likely in a heavy copper cauldron or pot. A stout wooden spoon or spatula—referred to as a bastām in the original—was essential for constant stirring. Sifters for flour, mortars for pounding saffron and sugar, and ceramic or metal dishes for serving completed the kitchen setup. Grinding implements for sugar and saffron were particularly important, ensuring the dessert's flavors were evenly distributed and beautifully aromatic.

Modern Kitchen Adaptation
Ingredients and techniques for today's cooks
ounces, cups, Fahrenheit

Prep Time

10 mins

Cook Time

30 mins

Servings

8

Ingredients

  • 16 ounces sesame oil
  • 8 fluid ounces water
  • 0.035 ounces saffron threads
  • 4 ounces semolina flour (fine, or substitute with similar durum wheat flour)
  • 1 fluid ounce rose water
  • 16 ounces honey (clear, floral recommended)
  • 0.35 ounces poppy seeds (optional)
  • 0.6 ounces pistachios, shelled and unsalted (optional)
  • 1.75 ounces superfine sugar (for serving, adjust to taste)

Instructions

  1. Begin by gently heating 16 ounces of sesame oil in a large pot.
  2. Add 8 fluid ounces of water and infuse with 0.035 ounces of saffron threads, stirring to distribute the vibrant color and aroma.
  3. Next, incorporate 4 ounces of fine semolina flour, mixing well.
  4. Pour in about 1 fluid ounce of rose water and 16 ounces of clear, fluid honey, stirring together until the mixture is smooth.
  5. Set the mixture over medium heat, bringing it to a gentle boil while stirring constantly with a sturdy wooden spatula.
  6. Skim off any foam and continue to stir until the oil begins to separate from the thickened sweet paste.
  7. For an added historical flourish, fold in a small handful (about 0.35 ounces) of poppy seeds and 0.6 ounces of shelled, unsalted pistachios.
  8. When finished, ladle the warm sweet into serving dishes, dusting both the base and the top generously with finely ground sugar for a sumptuous finish.

Estimated Calories

450 per serving

Cooking Estimates

It takes about 10 minutes to prepare your ingredients and about 30 minutes to cook this sweet. This recipe serves around 8 people, and each serving contains about 450 calories.

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