To Pickle Walnuts
From the treasured pages of Various Cookeries
Unknown Author

To Pickle Walnuts
"Make a strong brine of salt & water so that it will bear an Egg, & lay the Walnuts in it & let 'em ly 3 weeks or a Month, then take 'em out & drein 'em very well, & lay a lave of Walnuts in a deep pott & then a lave of Garlick & whole Mustardseed and bay-leaves, & then a lave of Walnuts again & then a lave of Mustard & sliced Onion or Garlick which you like best, then boyl as much Vinegar as will cover 'em wth a little salt & some whole White pepper & Cloves & Mace & sliced Gingr & pour this pickle hott upon 'em & cover the pott close & they will be fitt to eat in a month, the Walnuts must be gathered before they be shelled & then they are as good as Olives."
Note on the Original Text
The recipe, penned in period English, blends practical instruction with an economy of words typical of early modern cookery books. Quantities are rarely specified: cooks were expected to use judgment and experience, while the most critical measurements—such as salinity—are given by practical test (e.g., the egg floating in the brine). Spelling and grammar are not standardized: 'ly' means 'lie', 'boyl' means 'boil', and 'pott' is 'pot'. Punctuation and capitalization are idiosyncratic. The method progresses logically but assumes familiarity with the ingredients and tools—a testament to the everyday culinary literacy of the time.

Title
Various Cookeries (1690)
You can also click the book image above to peruse the original tome
Writer
Unknown
Era
1690
Publisher
Unknown
Background
A delightful glimpse into late 17th-century kitchens, this book brims with recipes, methods, and culinary wisdom passed down through generations, capturing the essence of historical gastronomy.
Kindly made available by
Folger Shakespeare Library
This recipe hails from late 17th-century England—a time when preserving food to last through seasons was both art and necessity. Pickled walnuts were especially prized in the era before refrigeration, offering a tangy and savory flavor much beloved with cheese, cold meats, or as a relish on the dining table. Unripe green walnuts, available only for a few short weeks in early summer, were transformed through brining and pickling into a delicacy often likened to olives. The recipe is drawn from a historical manuscript, reflecting both the resourcefulness and the culinary curiosity of early modern households. These pickles were a staple of English country estates and urban dwellings alike, adding punch and variety to meals year-round.

Historically, households would use large earthenware or stoneware pots for brining and pickling. A wooden or ceramic spoon was employed for layering and mixing. Boiling the vinegar would take place in a copper or iron pot over an open flame or hearth. Drainage relied on simple sieves or cloths. Sealing the pickles meant covering the jar or pot tightly, often with cloth and tied parchment, or with a ceramic lid. Modern cooks can easily adapt the process with glass jars, metal lids, and standard kitchen equipment.
Prep Time
30 mins
Cook Time
20 mins
Servings
20
We've done our best to adapt this historical recipe for modern kitchens, but some details may still need refinement. We warmly welcome feedback from fellow cooks and culinary historians — your insights support the entire community!
Ingredients
- 2.2 lb unripe green walnuts (before shells form; or substitute small green olives if unavailable)
- 3.5 oz sea salt per 1 qt water (for brine)
- 2-3 heads garlic, cloves separated
- 3 tbsp whole mustard seeds
- 4-6 bay leaves
- 2 medium onions, sliced (or more garlic, to taste)
- 1 qt apple cider vinegar or wine vinegar
- 1 tbsp additional salt (for pickle liquid)
- 1 tbsp whole white peppercorns
- 10 whole cloves
- 2 tsp whole mace blades (or 1 tsp ground mace if whole unavailable)
- 8-10 slices fresh ginger
Instructions
- Begin by preparing a strong brine: dissolve enough sea salt in water so that an egg will float (about 3.5 ounces of salt per quart of water).
- Submerge unripe green walnuts (collected before their shells have hardend) in the brine for 3 to 4 weeks.
- Afterward, drain the walnuts well.
- In a large jar, layer the drained walnuts with whole garlic cloves, mustard seeds, bay leaves, and optional sliced onions.
- Alternate these layers—walnuts, aromatics, walnuts, and so on.
- In a pot, bring enough vinegar (apple cider or wine vinegar recommended) to a boil to completely cover the walnuts in the jar, adding a little salt, whole white peppercorns, whole cloves, mace, and slices of fresh ginger.
- Pour this hot spiced vinegar over the walnuts, ensuring they're submerged.
- Seal the container and let it steep for about a month before sampeling.
- The finished product will have a tangy, umami-rich flavor similar to olives.
Estimated Calories
25 per serving
Cooking Estimates
Preparing this recipe takes about 30 minutes to wash, brine, and layer the walnuts with aromatics, plus about 20 minutes to heat the spiced vinegar. Most of the time is passive, as the walnuts soak and pickle for several weeks. Each serving contains about 25 calories, making it a light and flavorful snack or accompaniment.
As noted above, we have made our best effort to translate and adapt this historical recipe for modern kitchens, taking into account ingredients nowadays, cooking techniques, measurements, and so on. However, historical recipes often contain assumptions that require interpretation.
We'd love for anyone to help improve these adaptations. Community contributions are highly welcome. If you have suggestions, corrections, or cooking tips based on your experience with this recipe, please share them below.
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