Fabatiae Virides Et Baianae
"Green Beans And Baiana"
From the treasured pages of Apicius - De re coquinaria (handwritten excerpts)
Written by Apicius

Fabatiae Virides Et Baianae
"Fabae virides ex liquamine oleo coriandro viridi Cumino & porro conciso cocte inferuntur. Aliter fabaciae fruto ex liquamine inferuntur. Aliter fabaciae ex sinapi trito melle nucleis rutae cumino ex aceto inferuntur. Baiana elixas minutatim concidis ruta apio viridi porro aceto oleo liquamine careno vel passo modico inferes."
English Translation
"Green beans are served with garum, oil, green coriander, cumin, and chopped leek, cooked together. Alternatively, beans in pods are served with garum. Alternatively, beans with ground mustard, honey, walnut kernels, rue, cumin, and vinegar are served. Boil the Baiana, chop finely with rue, green celery, leek, vinegar, oil, garum, a little carenum or passum, and serve."
Note on the Original Text
The recipe is written in laconic Latin, typical of medieval and early Renaissance professional cookery texts, where brevity and reliance on the cook’s experience were assumed. Measurements and detailed instructions are omitted; only essential ingredients and order of operations are listed. Spelling reflects the transitional state of Latin in Italian manuscripts—idiosyncratic yet direct (e.g., 'liquamine' for 'liquamen', the Roman fish sauce; 'porro' for leek). The difference between ‘fabaciae virides’ (green fava beans) and ‘Baianae’ (a type of herb salad) is preserved through separate, terse variations within the same recipe rubric.

Title
Apicius - De re coquinaria (handwritten excerpts) (1475)
You can also click the book image above to peruse the original tome
Writer
Apicius
Era
1475
Publisher
Venice
Background
A delectable compendium of ancient Roman cookery, this collection invites you to taste the flavors of antiquity through ten tantalizing sections based on Apicius’s famed De re coquinaria. Savor recipes, tips, and culinary wisdom penned in a fine Italian hand for the epicurean elite of the 15th century.
Kindly made available by
University of Pennsyllvania
This recipe comes from a 15th-century Italian manuscript attributed to Apicius, reflecting the enduring influence of ancient Roman gastronomy. Apicius’ 'De re coquinaria' was a mainstay in elite kitchens, skillfully blending sweet, sour, and umami flavors—concepts that still intrigue chefs today. This specific manuscript demonstrates the Italian Renaissance's fascination with rediscovering and interpreting classical texts. The recipes were likely compiled for a cultured audience eager to sample the ancient world on their own tables. The inclusion of both simple and elaborate preparations also hints at the social flexibility of such dishes, ranging from straightforward peasant fare to complex banquet offerings.

In Apicius’ time and throughout the Renaissance, these recipes would have been made with basic kitchen implements: a bronze or iron cauldron or clay pot for boiling, a mortar and pestle for grinding spices and herbs, wooden or metal knives for chopping, and ceramic or wooden bowls for mixing and serving. Cooking was conducted over open hearths, using ladles, strainers, and occasionally simple sieves to manage the various textures required by the dish.
Prep Time
15 mins
Cook Time
10 mins
Servings
4
We've done our best to adapt this historical recipe for modern kitchens, but some details may still need refinement. We warmly welcome feedback from fellow cooks and culinary historians — your insights support the entire community!
Ingredients
- 1 lb (16 oz) fresh green fava beans (or green bean pods)
- 2 tablespoons olive oil
- 1 tablespoon fish sauce (or mild soy sauce as a substitute)
- 1 tablespoon fresh coriander (chopped)
- 1 teaspoon ground cumin
- 1 small leek, white part only (finely chopped)
- 1 tablespoon ground mustard seeds
- 1 tablespoon honey
- 1 small bunch fresh rue (substitute: parsley or arugula, chopped)
- 2 tablespoons wine vinegar
- 1 celery heart
- 1 small bunch fresh celery leaves
- 1 tablespoon sweet wine or grape must (optional)
- Salt (to taste)
Instructions
- Begin by boiling approximately 1 lb (16 oz) of fresh green fava beans in lightly salted water until tender, about 10 minutes.
- Drain and set aside.
- In a pan, warm 2 tablespoons of olive oil and add 1 tablespoon finely chopped fresh coriander, 1 teaspoon ground cumin, and 1 small leek (white part only), finely diced.
- Add the cooked fava beans, season with 1 tablespoon fish sauce (or substitute with Thai fish sauce or a mild soy sauce), and toss to combine.
- Serve warm.
- Alternatively, boil the green beans or fava bean pods and dress with fish sauce alone for a simpler side.
- For a sweet-and-savory preparation, mix 1 tablespoon ground mustard seeds, 1 tablespoon honey, chopped fresh rue (or substitute with parsley or arugula), 1 teaspoon cumin, and 2 tablespoons wine vinegar.
- Toss with the cooked fava beans or pods and serve.
- For 'Baiana', boil 1 celery heart, 1 small bunch of fresh rue (or parsley), and 1 small leek together just until soft.
- Finely chop the herbs and vegetables, then dress with 2 tablespoons olive oil, 1 tablespoon vinegar, 1 tablespoon fish sauce (or substitute as above), and a splash of sweet wine or grape must if desired.
- Serve as a fresh herb salad.
Estimated Calories
200 per serving
Cooking Estimates
It takes around 10 minutes to cook the fava beans and about 15 minutes to prepare and chop all the fresh ingredients. Each serving has about 200 calories, and this recipe makes about 4 servings.
As noted above, we have made our best effort to translate and adapt this historical recipe for modern kitchens, taking into account ingredients nowadays, cooking techniques, measurements, and so on. However, historical recipes often contain assumptions that require interpretation.
We'd love for anyone to help improve these adaptations. Community contributions are highly welcome. If you have suggestions, corrections, or cooking tips based on your experience with this recipe, please share them below.
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