Recipe Manuscript

Pullum Elixum Ex Ius Suo

"Boiled Chicken In Its Own Broth"

1475

From the treasured pages of Apicius - De re coquinaria (handwritten excerpts)

Written by Apicius

Pullum Elixum Ex Ius Suo
Original Recipe • 1475
Original Manuscript(circa Renaissance, 1400 - 1700)
As inscribed by the original author's hand, transcribed with care by Lost Kitchen Scrolls

Pullum Elixum Ex Ius Suo

"pullum ellyxu ex iur suo teres piper cumini timi modicum feniculi semen mentam rutam Lazeris radicem careotam & teres melle aceto liquamine & oleo temperabis. Bulliat et infundes & mox inferes pullum elixum. alio loco sipe elixis supposito uno & fundis & mouebis facies ut ebibat et in aliis columbariis non ualde utane ne defiliat."

English Translation

"Boil the chicken in its own broth. Grind pepper, cumin, a little thyme, fennel seed, mint, rue, laser root, and carrot. Add honey, vinegar, garum (fish sauce), and oil. Let it boil, pour it over (the chicken), and serve at once. Elsewhere, if you have already boiled (the chicken), put it in a dish, pour (the sauce) over it and stir, so that it soaks in. In other pigeon dishes do not use strong sauce, so that it does not overwhelm (the flavor)."

Note on the Original Text

This recipe, like many from Apicius, is written without precise measurements or detailed sequences, presuming a cook familiar with the kitchen’s fundamentals. Ingredients are listed rapidly in a series, sometimes with verbs attached, relying on a practiced eye and a sense of taste. Unusual spellings—such as 'pullum elixum ex ius suo' instead of modern Latin—reflect evolving orthography and manuscript copying conventions in Renaissance Italy. The use of terms like 'Lazeris radicem' speaks to both specific Roman ingredients (laser/asafoetida) and the ongoing adaptation of classical recipes as traditions crossed centuries and cultures.

Recipe's Origin
Apicius - De re coquinaria (handwritten excerpts) - Click to view recipe in book

Title

Apicius - De re coquinaria (handwritten excerpts) (1475)

You can also click the book image above to peruse the original tome

Writer

Apicius

Era

1475

Publisher

Venice

Background

A delectable compendium of ancient Roman cookery, this collection invites you to taste the flavors of antiquity through ten tantalizing sections based on Apicius’s famed De re coquinaria. Savor recipes, tips, and culinary wisdom penned in a fine Italian hand for the epicurean elite of the 15th century.

Kindly made available by

University of Pennsyllvania
Historical Background of the Recipe
Learn about old traditions
Historical kitchen setting

This recipe hails from the famed Roman culinary collection attributed to Apicius, a name synonymous with opulent ancient cooking. Transcribed in Renaissance Italy, this kitchen compendium collates centuries of food knowledge, offering a window onto Roman domestic and banquet life. Recipes like this boiled chicken, enriched with a complex sauce, reflect both luxury and resourcefulness—celebrating rare spices and the nuanced use of fish sauce for salty depth. Recorded in a manuscript penned in the late 15th century, this recipe bridges classical tradition and early modern transmission, preserving a taste of Roman gastronomy for future generations.

Culinary Tools when the Recipe was Crafted
Tools and techniques from kitchens of old
Historical culinary tools

In Roman times, cooks would have used a large bronze or earthenware pot to gently simmer the bird. Herbs and spices were pounded together in a sturdy mortar with a pestle; liquids were measured by eye and ladled using basic wooden implements. The mixture would be combined over a fire, stirred with a wooden spatula or spoon, with the final sauce poured over or cooked with the chicken. No precise timing devices or fine measuring tools—just culinary experience and attentive hands guiding the process.

Modern Kitchen Adaptation
Ingredients and techniques for today's cooks
ounces, cups, Fahrenheit

Prep Time

15 mins

Cook Time

1 hr

Servings

4

We've done our best to adapt this historical recipe for modern kitchens, but some details may still need refinement. We warmly welcome feedback from fellow cooks and culinary historians — your insights support the entire community!

Ingredients

  • 1 whole chicken (about 2.6 lbs)
  • 1/2 teaspoon black peppercorns
  • 1/2 teaspoon cumin seeds
  • 1/2 teaspoon dried thyme
  • 1 small pinch fennel seeds
  • 1 small bunch fresh mint leaves
  • A few leaves fresh rue (or substitute flat-leaf parsley)
  • Small piece asafoetida root (or pinch asafoetida powder)
  • 1 medium carrot, chopped
  • 1 tablespoon honey
  • 2 tablespoons white wine vinegar
  • 1 tablespoon liquamen (Roman fish sauce, or 1 tbsp Asian fish sauce)
  • 2 tablespoons olive oil

Instructions

  1. To make 'Pullum Elixum ex Ius Suo,' begin with a whole chicken, about 2.6 lbs.
  2. Place the chicken in a large pot with water to cover, and gently simmer until cooked and tender, about 45-60 minutes.
  3. Meanwhile, in a mortar, grind together 1/2 teaspoon black peppercorns, 1/2 teaspoon cumin seeds, 1/2 teaspoon dried thyme, a small pinch of fennel seeds, a small bunch of fresh mint, a few leaves of rue (or use flat-leaf parsley if rue is unavailable), a small piece of laser (asafoetida root, or substitute with a pinch of asafoetida powder) and 1 chopped medium carrot.
  4. To this aromatic paste, add 1 tablespoon honey, 2 tablespoons vinegar, 1 tablespoon liquamen (Roman fish sauce, or substitute with 1 tablespoon Asian fish sauce), and 2 tablespoons olive oil.
  5. Mix well.
  6. Pour the spice-herb mixture into the chicken broth and simmer gently to combine flavors.
  7. Ladle the sauce over the boiled chicken just before serving.
  8. For a richer version, let the chicken soak in this sauce for some minutes over gentle heat so it absorbs more flavor, but do not let it fall apart.

Estimated Calories

400 per serving

Cooking Estimates

It takes about 15 minutes to prepare the ingredients and 1 hour to cook the chicken. This recipe serves 4 and each serving has an estimated 400 calories.

As noted above, we have made our best effort to translate and adapt this historical recipe for modern kitchens, taking into account ingredients nowadays, cooking techniques, measurements, and so on. However, historical recipes often contain assumptions that require interpretation.

We'd love for anyone to help improve these adaptations. Community contributions are highly welcome. If you have suggestions, corrections, or cooking tips based on your experience with this recipe, please share them below.

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